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Pollination syndrome
Pollination syndromes are suites of flower traits that have evolved in response to natural selection imposed by different pollen vectors, which can be abiotic (wind and water) or biotic, such as birds, bees, flies, and so forth.〔Fægri, K. and van der Pijl, L. (1979) The principles of pollination ecology. Pergamon Press, Oxford〕 These traits include flower shape, size, colour, odour, reward type and amount, nectar composition, timing of flowering, etc. For example, tubular red flowers with copious nectar often attract birds; foul smelling flowers attract carrion flies or beetles, etc.
The "classical" pollination syndromes as they are currently defined (see below) were developed in the 19th century by the Italian botanist Federico Delpino. Although they have been useful in developing our understanding of plant-pollinator interactions, an uncritical acceptance of pollination syndromes as providing a framework for classifying these relationships is rather out of date.〔Ollerton, J., Alarcón, R., Waser, N.M., Price, M.V., Watts, S., Cranmer, L., Hingston, A. Peter, C.I. and Rotenberry, J. (2009) A global test of the pollination syndrome hypothesis. Annals of Botany 〕
==Abiotic pollination syndromes==
These do not attract animal pollinators. Nevertheless, they often have suites of shared traits.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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